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nephrology differential hypernatremia management low 1 3 comparison hypotonic lazy pathophysiology physiologic polydipsia primary saltwasting table uricacid volume workup
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup Step #1 - Consider the history Step #2 - Assess
Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Diabetes Insipidus ... history Step #2 ... #Sodium #nephrology ... #insipidus #DI
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 1) Neurological event 2) Sodium loss from tubules 3) Naturiesis →
Neurological event 2) ... Sodium loss from ... → Increased urine ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #nephrology #hyponatremia
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... 3) Urine Sodium ... Low Uric Acid → SIADH
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Renal losses, Cerebral ... uric acid <4 • SIADH ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
osm (in DI; high ... water unavailable 2) ... post-obstructive 3) Diabetes Insipidus ... patients at risk for cerebral ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... Euvolemic: Diabetes insipidus ... #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... , Renal Sodium loss ... Insufficiency, Cerebral ... #differential #diagnosis
A lazy man's classification of hyponatremia There are two possible approaches to the diagnosis of hyponatremia: .
serum osmolality, urine ... osmolality and urinary sodium ... the patient has SIADH ... or cerebral salt ... #Diagnosis #Hyponatremia
Primary Polydipsia Definition: Excessive volitional water intake Epidemiology: • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
occurs in only 2- ... : Diabetes Insipidus ... Pseudohyponatremia, SIADH ... Osm, Serum Sodium ... , Urine Sodium
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