12 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Utilizing Uric Acid ADH ... Sodium 4) Serum ... Uric Acid → SIADH
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... differential #diagnosis #table
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... • Hypertonic saline ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Causes
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
stimulated in states of low ... activated in states of low ... Measured urine sodium ... #hyponatremia #ADH ... EBV #potomania #SIADH
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
promoting passive sodium ... colon 0.9% Normal Saline ... : • If Urine osmolality ... antagonists: • Blocks ADH ... #nephrology #treatment
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
, ADH (appropriately ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... Measure urine osmolality ... syndrome. 3% saline ... management #nephrology #sodium
Management of Hyponatremia
Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125
Give
Management of Hyponatremia ... • IF SIADH — ... look for cause ... #Management #algorithm ... #treatment #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
• Euvolemia: SIADH ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
SIADH Treatment ... promoting passive sodium ... 0.9% NS • If Urine ... vaptans) • Blocks ADH ... #Management #hyponatremia
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
K-sparing diuretics, Saline ... (acidosis), CK+LDH ... lysis) ± Urine ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low