13 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
algorithm Urine ... +K / serum Na >1 ... , Renal Sodium loss ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
to Hyponatremia ... uric acid <4 • SIADH ... #Hyponatremia # ... algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Pathophysiology 1) ... Neurological event 2) Sodium ... → Increased urine ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis #nephrology ... #hyponatremia #
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... water retention 1) ... Low Uric Acid → SIADH ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Workup Step 1 ... Repeat the sodium ... EUVOLEMIC • SIADH ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Table

 • Step 1: Correct for hyperglycemia. Corrected Na = [(glucose - 100)/
Diagnosis Table ... • Step 1: Correct ... Serum Osm • Urine ... Na (FeNa) • Volume ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... mechanism 2) Volume ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm
1) Check serum osmolality
2) Check urine osmolality
3) ADH Dependent - Check volume status, urine
Algorithm 1) Check ... osmolality 2) Check urine ... Dependent - Check volume ... status, urine sodium ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
work through a physiologic ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... Measure urine osmolality ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
SIADH Treatment ... This can cause volume ... promoting passive sodium ... #Management #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #treatment