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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... • CT: Halo sign ... and diarrhea • Hyponatremia ... Infections #HIV #AIDS #pulmonary ... #differential #diagnosis
The PA-film shows a silhouette sign of the left heart border.
Even without looking at the lateral
shows a silhouette sign ... anteriorly in the left lung ... caused by Sterptococcus ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #Pneumonia
Pneumonia on Chest Xray and POCUS

Extensive pneumonia in lower left lobe (red arrow). 
POCUS: Dynamic air
Pneumonia on Chest ... AirBronchogram #POCUS #CXR ... #Comparison #Clinical ... #Lung #Pulmonary ... #Clinical
Lobar pneumonia
On the chest x-ray there is an ill-defined area of increased density in the right
On the chest x-ray ... In the proper clinical ... weight loss or long ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #AirBronchogram
Reversed Halo Sign - Infectious and Non-Infectious Differential Diagnosis
Definition: A focal rounded area of GGO surrounded
Reversed Halo Sign ... • Infectious Causes ... Non-Infectious Causes ... Dermatomyositis, Lung ... #pulmonary
Venn Diagram - Does this patient have pneumonia?
Diagnosis is generally based on three lines of evidence:
Diagnosis is generally ... evidence of a chest ... infiltrate (e.g., CXR ... pain) and signs ... #Pulmonolary
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis ... • Most common cause ... Lung Abscess - Clinical ... Blood cultures • CXR ... #Abscess #pulmonary
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
Unknown • 6-7 cases ... - Clinical manifestations ... - Imaging: • CXR ... - Diagnosis: ... #ILD #diagnosis
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Interstitial lung ... Malformation • Severe Pneumonia ... Abnormalities • Chest
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
sliding/barcode sign ... pleura reflection) Pneumonia ... pleura in severe cases ... #differential #diagnosis ... #signs #Lung #POCUS