53 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... - fevers • renal ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) Check Urine ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... , Ingestion Renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Na <20: Extra-renal ... Na >30: Renal losses ... Na > 30: Renal ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume #Hyponatremia
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Osmolarity 2) Urine ... Osmolarity 3) Urine ... High Uric Acid → renal ... Rachel Stern MD #Hyponatremia
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... - RenalUrine ... Renal Loss of HCO3 ... - Renal insufficiency ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Diagnosis and Workup ... Blood Work: - ... Elevated Renin Urine ... dr_missyhanna #Gitelman
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm

Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated
Step 2:
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic ... Check Uosm and/or Urine ... DrEricStrong #Hyponatremia ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... differential, urine ... dipstick, urine ... blood culture, urine ... #Injury #AKI #Workup
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal