21 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... to GBM disruption ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Spectrum of Glomerular Diseases
Nephrotic - Mechanism:
 • Injury to podocytes
 • Changed architecture: Scanning. Deposition of
Spectrum of Glomerular ... • Breaks in GBM ... formation #Glomerular ... spectrum #diagnosis #nephrology ... #nephritic #nephrotic
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic ... the patient have glomerular ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Nephritic #Nephrotic ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... • Hereditary nephritis ... ) • Anti-GBM ... and >3.5g/day (nephrotic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Summary of characteristic abnormalities of selected glomerular diseases
Light Microscopy (LM) - Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM) - Electron
Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM ... ) Haematuria/nephritis ... Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome Nephrotic ... RPGN • Anti-GBM ... #diseases #nephrology
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. Renal
Causes of acute ... Renal causes of ... vascular supply; glomerular ... GBM, Glomerular ... #Sites #Nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Cytomegalovirus; GBM ... clusters because nephritic ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #proteinuria #nephrotic ... #syndrome #nephrology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
with evidence of glomerular ... nephropathy, lupus nephritis ... post-infectious GN Anti-Glomerular ... Basement Membrane (GBM ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
• Evidence of glomerular ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified ... by UW IM Residency
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
red - cells Non-glomerular ... Dysmorphic red cells - Glomerular ... Diagnostic of glomerular ... brown cast” - Necrotic ... key #diagnosis #nephrology