13 results
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
- Differential Diagnosis ... and Screening Testing ... ultrasound; MRA; abdominal ... angiography • Primary ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Recommended initial testing ... C3, C4 - Test for ... infections are common causes ... #diagnosis #glomerulonephritis ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... volume depletion, abdominal ... , hypoglycemia Testing ... ACTH) stimulation test ... baseline ACTH - Primary
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Recommended initial testing ... . 5) C3, C4 - Test ... infections are common causes ... #workup #diagnosis ... #nephrology #nephrotic
Chronic Abdominal Pain Causes - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Many patients with chronic abdominal pain have had prior
Diagnosis Framework ... did not yield a diagnosis ... , physical and testing ... • Splenomegaly/Abscess ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute ... POST-RENAL Urinary ... Urethral stricture/valves ... /phimosis #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Nephrology
Primary and Secondary Headaches - Red Flags and Differential Diagnosis
Red Flags (SNOOP):
S - Systemic		
N - Neurologic
Primary and Secondary ... and Differential Diagnosis ... Patient Prefers to Rest ... Encephalitis, Abscess ... #differential #causes
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
of flank or abdominal ... MRI - Limited value ... for non-calculus causes ... with surgical access ... lower and upper urinary
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... infections • primary ... Spinal infection/abscess ... • Provocative Tests ... #causes #neurology
USMLE Epidemiology and Biostatistics Summary
Meta-Analysis: pools data from several studies (greater power), limited by quality/bias of
from a group to assess ... disease who test ... probability of getting ... how related two values ... #calculations #diagnosis