23 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
and Features of Hyponatremia ... Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... - CHF - Cirrhosis ... - Drugs - SIADH ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Salt Wasting vs SIADH ... - Pathophysiology ... Neurological event 2) Sodium ... #Pathophysiology ... diagnosis #nephrology #hyponatremia
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... treat underlying cause ... (CHF, cirrhosis ... , SSRIs) - SIADH ... diagnosis #nephrology #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia ... Heart failure, Cirrhosis ... OFF (UNa > 30): SIADH ... Algorithm #diagnosis #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Heart failure - Cirrhosis ... ADH secretion (SIADH ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes ... #Sodium
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Heart failure, Cirrhosis ... Inappropriate - Consider: SIADH ... @NephroMD #hyponatremia ... differential #algorithm #causes
Hyponatremia Treatment Algorithm

CHF, Cirrhosis - Fluid restriction
SIADH - Fluid restriction
 - Consider salt tablets if etiology
Hyponatremia Treatment ... Algorithm CHF, Cirrhosis ... Fluid restriction SIADH ... DrEricStrong #Hyponatremia ... #Treatment #Algorithm
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... promoting passive sodium ... Contraindicated in cirrhosis ... #Management #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #treatment
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... restriction alone in SIADH ... Present (Uosm ≥100): SIADH ... , Renal Sodium loss ... Heart failure, Cirrhosis
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... uric acid <4 • SIADH ... Heart failure, Cirrhosis ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume #Hyponatremia ... algorithm #diagnosis #sodium