54 results
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis - Impaired Excretion vs Redistribution

Impaired Urinary Excretion 
 - Renal failure
 -
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Rhabdomyolysis Medications ... - Exercise - Hyperkalemic ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Renal Loses - Medications ... - Hypokalemia ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Hypomagnesemia - Acquired: Medications ... pentamidine), Hypercalcemia ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential ... filling of bucket (low ... GI loss) - VARUN ... #Differential # ... Causes #workup #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... vomiting) • Low ... #Differential # ... #low #potassium
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia ... K; also binds magnesium ... nonspecifically binds K, magnesium ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
hypercalciuria, Hypercalcemia ... hypercalciuria, Hypercalcemia ... Struvite - Magnesium ... , High dietary magnesium ... Renal #stones #differential
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
= (urine magnesium ... )/ [0.7 (serum magnesium ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia ... Protein) • AIN: Medication ... Kidney #Injury #Differential ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential ... Magnesium, High ... Magnesium - Functional ... Hypocalcemia #Workup #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology