10 results
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... effective arterial blood ... • Proximal RTA ... • Distal RTA ... #urine #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... urinary losses: • High ... Blood Pressure: ... , Distal RTA, DKA ... #nephrology #low
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... diet • Blood ... Normal, Renin High ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Proximal and distal RTA ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Crush injury • Blood ... SLE • Type IV RTA ... Blood transfusion ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Crush injury • Blood ... SLE • Type IV RTA ... Blood transfusion ... #high #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Normal or low blood ... (renal potassium ... tubular acidosis (RTA ... Supplement: • Potassium ... #management #pathophysiology
KDIGO Treatment algorithm for management of acute hyperkalemia in the emergency department
 • Place on cardiac
for management ... of acute hyperkalemia ... #management #algorithm ... #treatment #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
High mortality. ... • Hypocalcemia ... , Hyperkalemia: ... potassium from ... Transfusion #diagnosis #management
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
High mortality. ... - Hypocalcemia ... , Hyperkalemia: ... potassium from ... Transfusions #diagnosis #management