13 results
Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
 - Ascites Formation
 - Dilutional Hyponatremia
 - Hepatorenal Syndrome
 - Spontaneous Infections

#Cirrhosis #Pathophysiology
Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology ... - Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Infections #Cirrhosis ... #Pathophysiology ... #hepatology #liver
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
serum ascites albumin ... protein ≤ 2.5 g/dL: Cirrhosis ... Late Budd-Chiari syndrome ... SAAG #ascites #albumin ... #gradient #hepatology
Indications for Albumin for Management of Cirrhosis
 • Large volume paracentesis (>5 liter) - 8g per
Indications for Albumin ... Management of Cirrhosis ... • Hepatorenal syndrome ... terlipressin #Albumin ... #treatment #hepatology
Ascites Differential Diagnosis Table - Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG)

SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 • Cirrhosis
 • Portal
Serum Ascites Albumin ... SAAG ≥ 1.1: • Cirrhosis ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Table #Serum #Albumin ... Gradient #SAAG #hepatology
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
and hepatorenal syndrome ... Clues to non-cirrhotic ... INR, bilirubin, albumin ... • Budd Chiari syndrome ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
total protein - albumin ... plasmacytoma, POEMs syndrome ... MGUS #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
>1.1 g/dl): - Cirrhosis ... thrombosis (Budd-Chiari syndrome ... ascites without cirrhosis ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... immunodeficiency virus ... • Epstein-Barr virus ... Aplastic #Anemia #oncology ... #hematology #diagnosis
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... Differentiation #Syndrome ... diagnosis #management #hematology ... #oncology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Production: • Albumin ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... • Gilbert's syndrome ... #differential #Hepatology