11 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... Signs and symptoms ... resonance imaging [MRI ... #management #neurology ... #treatment #MS
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
- Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... Sarcoidosis • Neuro Behcets ... Vascular lesions ... #neurology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... and diplopia) • Vascular ... Arthritis, AS Treatment ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #management #signs
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
injury, often from vascular ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
conjunction with symptoms ... and treatment can ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... consistent with MS ... #neurology #noninflammatory
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... Vascular/Blockage ... - Sarcoidosis, Behcet ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #algorithm
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... lumbar stenosis • Vascular ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... axial T1 and T2 Treatment ... #causes #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Neurological symptoms ... cortical lesions • Vascular ... narrowing on MRA ... #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... • Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... Transverse Myelitis Treatment ... #management #neurology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... pulse deficits vascular ... • Progressive symptoms ... oligoclonal bands • MRI ... vasculitis • Behcet