26 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms ... criteria for MS
Summary table of heart murmurs associated with mitral and aortic valve diseases as well as their
well as their signs ... and symptoms. ... #diagnosis #heart ... #cardiology #comparison
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
- Differential Diagnosis ... vomiting, auditory symptoms ... symptoms/signs, ... Glomus Tumors - Vascular ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Symptoms and Signs of Hypocalcemia
Muscular: Weakness, fatigue, Spasms, cramps
Neurologic: Tetany, Chvostek sign, Trousseau sign, Circumoral and
Symptoms and Signs ... Spasms, cramps Neurologic ... Tetany, Chvostek sign ... , Trousseau sign ... #Signs #diagnosis
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
trabecular thinning -> Avascular ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
NINDS Diagnostic Criteria for Guillain Barre Syndrome 
Features Required for Guillain-Barré Syndrome:
 • Progressive muscle weakness
Criteria for Guillain ... , Mild sensory symptoms ... or signs, Cranial ... nervous system signs ... #criteria #neurology
BE-FAST Mnemonic for Stroke Recognition Signs

B - Balance: Loss of balance or coordination.
E - Eyes: Double,
Stroke Recognition Signs ... Ask to smile. ... if any of these symptoms ... Stroke #Screening #Diagnosis ... #Neurology #Mnemonic
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... • Compensatory muscular ... pathophysiology #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis ... #msk
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
injury, often from vascular ... Injury #Syndromes #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs ... #management #cardiology