28 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Diagnosis Algorithm ... nephrolithiasis • Symptoms ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cause not identified ... #Algorithm #Workup
Hoffman's sign. Even in this specific case, accompanied by a clonus outline (rhythmic contractions). The median
Hoffman's sign. ... this specific case ... the hand. 3) Now ... Abnormal #clinical #video ... #neurology #PhysicalExam
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Causes of Dizziness ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm True ... symptoms/signs, ... #Algorithm #Causes
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... / Symptoms / Complications ... of normal leg reflexes ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #symptoms #signs
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
chromosome 21) Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... seizure, primitive reflexes ... pathophysiology #geriatrics #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... insufficiency (VBI) - Should ... signs or symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
- Pathogenesis and ... a stroke that caused ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #symptoms #signs ... stages #staging #msk
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... diffuse light reflex ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #complications
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
life threatening complications ... as arrhythmias and ... paralysis should ... If present, it should ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis