9 results
Asthma vs COPD Presentation and Diagnosis
Asthma:
 • Epidemiology: Age usually < 45, History (personal or family)
and Diagnosis Asthma ... Dyspnea, Wheeze, Chest ... Cyanosis, Barrel chest ... , Pursed lip breathing ... #pulmonary
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... • Asthma • COPD ... Thickening/Masses Chest ... Pneumonia • ARDS
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
disease, pleuritic chest ... hyperventilation syndrome—a ... bronchitis, and COPD ... #Pulmonary #Abnormalities ... #Abnormal #Diagnosis
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Weakness, Loss of Chest ... Elasticity (flail chest ... : Atelectasis, ARDS ... #differential #diagnosis
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Pulmonary Pathology ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... (ARDS): - Bilateral ... lung sliding COPD ... #differential #diagnosis
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Loss of weight • Chest ... obstruction • COPD ... • Mounier-Kuhn syndrome ... high-resolution chest ... - BAR >1.0 is abnormal
Differential diagnosis of the reversed halo sign (RHS). AIA, angioinvasive aspergillosis; AIS, adenocarcinoma in situ; COP,
of the reversed halo ... aspergillosis; AIS ... adenocarcinoma in situ; COP ... immunedeficiency syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Pulmonary
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pneumonia: • 3 syndromes ... • CT: Halo sign ... Infections #HIV #AIDS ... #pulmonary #differential
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
• Amiodarone half ... organizing pneumonia, ARDS ... respiratory distress syndrome ... Pleuritic chest ... Eosinophilia • Normal