10 results
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... life threatening complications ... suggests extra-renal ... Proximal RTA, Distal ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Upper Urinary Tract infection (UUTI): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Predisposing Factors:
 - Immunocompromised, Diabetes,
 - Elderly, Female
lower tract: As a complication ... them to adhere to renal ... proliferation Usual ... UrinaryTractInfection #UUTI #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
wasting crisis & hyperkalemia ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... : • Hyperkalemia ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... endocrinology #peds #pediatrics
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Infection - Viral ... • LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... Hyperphosphatemia • Hypocalcemia ... HAGMA • Late complication ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
of cells on the distal ... (renal potassium ... diarrhea Potential Complications ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Acute Otitis Media: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings (in Children)
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: 
 - Bacterial: Streptococcus
- Viral (25% ... resolve by 72 hours Complications ... #OtitisMedia #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs ... #peds #pediatrics
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
To prevent hypokalemia ... patient has good renal ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications ... /Osteoporosis RENAL ... ) • Overall: hypokalemia ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
Anorexia Nervosa: Complications
CARDIAC ABNORMALITIES
 - Functional: Low BP, Sinus bradycardia, prolonged QT interval
 - Structural: Reduced
Anorexia Nervosa: Complications ... fasting/weight loss RENAL ... Significant Hypotension/ Hypovolemia ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
Ankylosing Spondylitis: Extra-articular Manifestations
 • Ocular - Inflammation of the iris, the anterior part of the
Uveitis - Decr visual ... abnormalities • Renal ... Manifestations #Complications ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs