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diagnosis neurology treatment algorithm causes headache rheumatology criticalcare infections sclerosis aids alcohol als amyotrophic aortoenteric arrhythmias arteritis autoimmune aws behcet
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Red flags (PHANTOMS): • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema •
to Headaches - Differential ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... • Meningeal signs ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g.
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
neuritis: Reduced visual ... Other brainstem syndromes ... erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Management of Serotonin Syndrome Identify and stop all serotoninergic medications • Avoid inadvertent Rx of serotoninergic meds
Management of Serotonin ... Syndrome Identify ... goal to normalize vital ... signs • Supplemental ... then 2 mg q2h if symptoms
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Dehydration • Symptoms ... dizziness, tinnitus, visual ... changes, stroke symptoms ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework Why? • The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
and Headache - Differential ... - Autonomic symptoms ... meningeal irritation signs ... Photophobia #Headache #differential ... ophthalmology #Neurology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo PERIPHERAL VERTIGO 1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
(Wallenberg's syndrome ... Syndrome usually ... varying neurologic signs ... Vertigo #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework Approach To Weakness: • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc) • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... • Acute stroke syndromes ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... #Weakness #Differential ... #Diagnosis #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework Spinal cord neurological lesion: Clinical findings: • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... and signs below ... Infections: - Viral ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #differential
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... hematuria • Signs ... • Infection (Viral ... #Hematuria #Differential ... causes #urology #nephrology
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