14 results
Lung Findings on Physical Exam
Crackles:
 • Short, discontinuous, sounds mostly heard during inspiration
 • Caused by
Lung Findings on ... opening or collapsed distal ... words louder #Lung ... #PhysicalExam # ... diagnosis #signs
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
pleuritic chest pain ... Occasional sighs ... Breathing #Patterns #Pulmonary ... Abnormalities #Abnormal ... #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... weight • Chest pain ... Nasal polyps and signs ... in the adjacent lung ... - BAR >1.0 is abnormal
Bronchiectasis is defined as localized bronchial dilatation.
The diagnosis of bronchiectasis is usually based on a combination
thickening - lack of normal ... the peripheral lung ... The most common cause ... infection, usually viral ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
• CT: Halo sign ... Exam: Can be normal ... Cytopenias VIRAL ... factor • May cause ... Infections #HIV #AIDS #pulmonary
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Causes of Petechial ... deficiency - Abnormal ... lesions • Severe pain ... Microscopic) - Viral ... #dermatology #physicalexam
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
granulomas within the lungs ... Pulmonary: dyspnea ... acute sarcoidosis Pulmonary ... /abnormal LFT): ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acetazolamide Causes ... Hyperventilation (Anxiety, pain ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... or restrictive lung ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
• Symptoms and signs ... continence • Pain ... injury • Gait is abnormal ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... claudication, visual ... affects the skin, neurologic ... fluid (CSF) is abnormal ... tract, and often causes