12 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... amzn.to/2LmUODZ #Hypokalemia ... #Causes #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
NG drainage - Diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... : Proximal and distal ... #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... arrhythmias and paralysis ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low ... Proximal RTA, Distal
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Usual maintenance ... constipation, diarrhea ... constipation, diarrhea ... #pharmacology #table ... #comparison #binders
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... with hypokalemia ... Hypokalemic periodic paralysis ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... Proximal RTA • Distal
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... <20mmol/d • Diarrhea ... Liddle's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... flow and distal ... #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... hyperK periodic paralysis ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low