17 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... than the normal volume-based ... algorithm Urine ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... differential #diagnosis #table
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Volume Based Approach ... to Hyponatremia ... Cerebral salt wasting ... #Hyponatremia # ... algorithm #diagnosis
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Cerebral Salt Wasting ... → Subclinical volume ... Increased urine volume ... diagnosis #nephrology #hyponatremia ... #comparison
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic ... Cerebral salt wasting ... polydipsia, Low solute ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Effective Circulating Volume ... ”) - Volume depletion ... Cerebral salt wasting ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... pain, dizziness, volume ... , hypotension, hyponatremia ... , hypoglycemia Testing ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Syncope Diagnostic Testing and Evaluation: Cost Effectiveness
Frequency obtained - Abnormal findings - Helped determine etiology of
Syncope Diagnostic Testing ... enzymes, Head CT ... diagnosis #workup #testing ... Effectiveness #table ... #comparison
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... Features According to Volume ... - Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... Features #Diagnosis #Comparison ... #Table #Nephrology
Estimated Medical Radiation Doses for 5 Year-Old Child

3-view ankle	0.0015 mSv	1/14th CXRs
2-view chest	0.02 mSv	1 CXRs
Anteroposterior and lateral
50 CXRs Head CT ... CXRs Abdomen CT ... #Nuclear #Comparison ... #Table #Risks # ... Testing #Study #
Cardiac Stress Testing
Exercise:
 • Everyone who can exercise should!
 • They must be able to raise
Cardiac Stress Testing ... • They must be able ... 85% of predicted value ... SPECT ($$$), PET CT ... Cardiac #Stress #Testing