49 results
Pathologic Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphologies and Associated Diseases

Acanthocyte (spur cell),  
Basophilic stippling, 
Bite cell,
Pathologic Red Blood ... Cell (RBC) Morphologies ... cell, Other RBC ... Howell-Jolly bodies #RBC ... #Microscopy #Pathology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... (proteinuria, RBC ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #blood #urine
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... : 3 or more RBC/ ... : - RBC casts ... - Dysmorphic RBC ... #renal #urine #blood
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... Diagnosis of Macroscopic ... Hematuria Important ... dysmorphic RBC’s, RBC ... /WBC casts, proteinuria
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... blood cells on urine ... microscopy. ... and/or RBC casts ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Dysuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pyuria - Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy
 - Bacteriuria & Hematuria -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Pyuria ... Pyelonephritis - WBC ... Infection/Cystitis - WBC ... #Algorithm #Causes
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient has hematuria ... (RBC casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Diagnostic approach to a limping child with an antalgic gait. 

(CBC = complete blood count; CRP
Diagnostic approach ... (CBC = complete ... resonance imaging; WBC ... Antalgic #Gait #Algorithm ... #Workup
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Algorithm Blood ... Decreased RBC ... Thalassemia • RBC ... Disorder • RBC ... #Algorithm #Causes
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... sterile pyuria, WBC ... , microscopic hematuria ... Nephritis #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis