18 results
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
HIV, syphilis, Whipple ... atrophy Lewy body dementia ... (parkinsonian signs ... Frontotemporal dementia ... atrophy Vascular Dementia
Fecal Incontinence - Pathogenesis and Complications
Continence mechanisms are impaired
 • Local neuronal damage
 • External and
proctitis) • Chronic ... laxatives • Chronic ... (e.g. stroke, dementia ... Incontinence #geriatrics #pathophysiology
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
chromosome 21) Signs ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia ... #pathophysiology ... geriatrics #diagnosis #signs
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
- IBD • Chronic ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
acute/subacute/chronic ... noninflammatory Signs ... Caused By: - Chronic ... • Tropheryma whippleii ... (Whipple's disease
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... • Acute and chronic ... Papilledema #Chronic ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
outlet obstruction, chronic ... compromise Clinical Signs ... be present or signs ... Pathophysiology:
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... Self-limiting, chronic ... but stable or chronic ... Progression to chronic ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
findings Acute or Chronic ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Hormonal alterations (result of aging process)
    ->
-15, IL-17) -> Chronic ... , frequency Chronic ... Hydronephrosis, Acute or chronic ... Hyperplasia #Prostate #Pathophysiology ... #Urology #Signs