14 results
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
= (urine magnesium ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Renal ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Double Vision - Differential ... • Neurologic ... a mass as the cause ... Functional • Corneal ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Causes of Hypotonic Infant (Floppy Newborn) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Central Nervous System - Decreased LOC, Axial
Causes of Hypotonic ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... System - Decreased LOC ... Botulism • Magnesium ... • Central Core
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
and Cingulate Cortex ... Globi Pallidi T2 Low ... Striatopathy "Butterfly Wing ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Neurology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
potassium(K) & magnesium ... consumption • Low ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential ... #low
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Young females Differential ... Diagnosis: • CN ... dissociation • Other causes ... #PhysicalExam #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Dysphagia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Symptom | Diagnosis
• Solid-food dysphagia present for months to years | Mechanical
Dysphagia - Differential ... • Muscular or neurologic ... region • Bolus slow ... the underlying cause ... #Dysphagia #Differential