11 results
Atrial Fibrillation - Diagnosis, Causes, Presentations
Causes (PIRATES):
 - Pulmonary embolism 
 - Ischemia (cardiac) 
 -
embolism - Ischemia ... (cardiac) - ... enlargement or myxoma ... #Fibrillation #AFib ... PIRATES #Emergency #Cardiology
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Important to determine and treat the etiology behind because
• Arrhythmias: Afib ... Valvular: Mitral stenosis ... • Structural: myxoma ... , thrombus, recent ... Bifurcation of carotid artery
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Cardiac: • Valvular ... Decompensated HF • New ischemia ... severe mitral stenosis ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Fibroelastoma), Mass (Myxoma ... Minor: • < 25% stenosis ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... #Embolism #diagnosis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve ... thrombus - When ... #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential #cardiology
Ventricular Fibrillation on POCUS - Apical 4 Chamber View

A 50-year-old woman with a history of cardiac
with a history of cardiac ... with preserved atrial ... echocardiogram #cardiology ... #clinical #a4c ... #AV #Dissociation
Cardiac LV Thrombus on Echocardiogram (A4C)
48 year old woman in ICU for acute ischemic limb. PMHx
Cardiac LV Thrombus ... Echocardiogram (A4C ... ) 48 year old woman ... ICU for acute ischemic ... #cardiology
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
- Differential Diagnosis ... insufficiency, stenosis ... Standing up straight after ... /Afib/WPW) • Loss ... #Palpitations #Cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... myxoma • Hypercoagulable ... Early embolic/ischemic ... than 5 to 7 days after ... #management #cardiology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
exam Determine Cardiac ... history of: a) Ischemic ... one post op Cardiology ... Severe Aortic stenosis ... stratification #diagnosis