11 results
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
Mitral Stenosis ... (a4c) Mitral ... of underlying cardiac ... #Stenosis #Atrial ... #Thrombus #a4c
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Important to determine and treat the etiology behind because
• Arrhythmias: Afib ... * • Valvular: Mitral ... stenosis, Prosthetic ... • Structural: myxoma ... , thrombus, recent
Abnormal Jugular Venous Pressure Waveforms - Differential Diagnosis
 - Absent a wave - Atrial fibrillation, sinus
, right atrial myxoma ... waves - Large cv ... , right atrial myxoma ... Absent y descent - Cardiac ... #PhysicalExam #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Cardiac: • Valvular ... Moderate or severe mitral ... stenosis • Mechanical ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve ... thrombus - When ... #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Fibroelastoma), Mass (Myxoma ... Minor: • < 25% stenosis ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
Heart Disease - Mitral ... (4) All 4 cardiac ... (7) patient in atrial ... #clinical #cardiology ... #a4c #thrombus
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
heart failure • Mitral ... insufficiency, stenosis ... ) • Severe mitral ... /Afib/WPW) • Loss ... #Palpitations #Cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... myxoma • Hypercoagulable ... : • New cardiac ... #management #cardiology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
exam Determine Cardiac ... b) CHF c) CVA ... one post op Cardiology ... Severe Aortic stenosis ... stratification #diagnosis