5 results
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
cardiac chambers dilated ... (5) Layered clot ... (7) patient in atrial ... clinical #cardiology #a4c ... #thrombus
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Giant dilated left ... (a4c) It belongs ... Mitral valve doesn ... #left #atrium # ... a4c #Echocardiogram
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
stenosis Rheumatic ... calcification - Age-related ... (vegetations)/tumor ... (left atrial myxoma ... )/ball valve thrombus
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
regurgitation - Rheumatic ... marantic endocarditis/tumors ... annular plane into left ... atrium. ... Nonischemic MR: Dilated
Tropical Endomyocardial Fibrosis (EMF)
snrunken ventnoes
Hallmark chronic EMF features include:
 • Apical obliteration of the left and/or
features include: • Apical ... obliteration of the left ... with overlying thrombus ... ventricles and marked atria ... muscles leading to mitral