18 results
“H’s & T’s“ - The reversible causes of Cardiac Arrest 
Hypovolemia, Hypoxia/Hypoxemia, Hydrogen Ion Excess (Acidosis),
The reversible causes ... Ion Excess (Acidosis ... Pneumothorax, Thrombosis (Pulmonary ... #HsTs #acls #differential ... diagnosis #arrest #management
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Ventilation ... #Hypoxia #Differential ... #Causes #Pulmonary
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia - Rapid Response Management Algorithm

Stridor - Upper airway pathology:
 • Anaphylaxis
 • Foreign
Rapid Response Management ... Algorithm Stridor ... compliance (e.g., flail ... #Hypoxia #differential ... #pulmonary
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... Step 5 - Differential ... , pain, fever, hypoxia ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... with associated hypoxia
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
Tachypnea - Differential ... • Tachypnea: Respiratory ... • Hyperpnea: Respiratory ... • Metabolic acidosis ... exposures • Lactic acidosis
Differential Diagnosis of Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders
Alkalosis
A. Central nervous system stimulation: Pain, Anxiety, psychosis, Fever, Cerebrovascular accident,
Differential Diagnosis ... Hypoxemia or tissue ... , Pneumonia, pulmonary ... receptors: Hemothorax, Flail ... #diagnosis #causes
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation: CNS of Respiratory ... Wall Elasticity (flail ... Age-Adjusted Gradient • Right ... #Hypoxia #hypoxemia ... #differential #
Hypophosphatemia and Hypoxia - Pathophysiology

↓ Phosphate leads to ↓ red cell 2,3-DPG and a  reduction
Hypophosphatemia and Hypoxia ... acidosis. ... increased in all eight ... Phosphate is a cause ... #pulmonary
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Failure - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Acute Respiratory ... HeartFailure #Cardiology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neurocardiogenic:
 • Vasovagal
 • Orthostatic Hypotension
 • Autonomic Neuropathy
 • Situational (micturition,
Syncope - Differential ... , defecation) Respiratory ... : • Pulmonary ... Embolism • Hypoxia ... #causes