42 results
FIGURE 2. CHALAZION.  

Hordeola and chalazia are two common causes of the red, swollen eyelid
Hordeola and chalazia ... are two common causes ... careful history and ... #Clinical #Ophthalmology ... #Photo #Chalazion
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... iron absorption and ... endpoint of all-cause ... heartfailure #diagnosis #management
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... BRB breakdown causes ... disc arterioles causes ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Lateral Canthotomy / Cantholysis - Procedure Instructions

The orbit is a relatively closed compartment and an acute
closed compartment and ... The most common cause ... #Management #Lateral ... Retrobulbar #Hemorrhage #Ophthalmology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
: Pathogenesis and ... to lipoproteins and ... retinal ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Age Related Macular Degeneration: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Photoreceptor atrophy 
-> Extracellular debris (drusen) from RPE atrophy/metabolism
: Pathogenesis and ... Bruch's membrane and ... RPE -> Loss of photo ... MacularDegeneration #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Management Summary ... countries (11-24 cases ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... symptoms are not caused ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Management
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... = nonspecific (nausea ... age • Monitor and ... obgyn #diagnosis #management ... #pathophysiology
Bullous Pemphigoid - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Pathophysiology: Autoantibody-mediated damage to epithelial basement membrane -> separation of
Management Summary ... Pathophysiology ... crusts at sites ... erosions in ~20% Management ... Pemphigoid #Diagnosis #Management
Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) and Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology
ICH Management:
1. Manage Blood Pressure
  •
Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology ... ICH Management ... = dilated BV = raises ... Pressure #ICP #Pathophysiology ... #neurosurgery #management