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Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions (Hemopericardium)- Differential Diagnosis Framework

IATROGENIC DISEASE
Secondary to invasive cardiac procedures

NONIATROGENIC
• Malignancy (e.g., metastatic spread:
metastatic spread: lung ... Complications of acute ... infarction • Aortic ... dissection - proximal ... patients with pulmonary
Malignant Complex Pleural Effusion on Lung POCUS
You are starting your RUSH exam on febrile/hypotensive patient with
on Lung POCUS ... Diagnosis? ... treatment.Had chest ... No empyema.Had acute ... #Lung #POCUS #Pulmonary
Chest Trauma Complications - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Pericarditis
 • Myocardial Contusion
 •
Contusion • Acute ... Aortic Rupture* ... Esophageal Injury Lung ... : • Pulmonary ... Pneumothorax (Tension
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
be present on a chest ... explained by pleural effusions ... lobar collapse, lung ... arterial oxygen tension ... Definition #Criteria #Diagnosis
Shock Types - Classification
State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
insufficiency, acute ... valvular rupture, dissection ... of ascending aorta ... ventricular filling) → tension ... Classification #types #diagnosis
Shock Classification
Shock Definition: State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
insufficiency, acute ... valvular rupture, dissection ... of ascending aorta ... ventricular filling) → tension ... Classification #Types #diagnosis
Assessment of Chest Tube Drains
Stepwise assessment of Chest Tube Function
TUBE POSITIONING
 • Look at the CXR:
injury to the lung ... large injury to lung ... pneumothorax • 24-28 Fr tension ... Ideal direction ... ChestTube #Drains #Diagnosis
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
risk (>5%): - Aortic ... change CV risk Chest ... X-ray: • Not ... unless prior heart/lung ... stratification #diagnosis