56 results
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
dialysis indication (e.g ... require urgent nephrology ... Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g ... are caused by prerenal ... workup #diagnosis #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... vasoconstriction (e.g ... disease or drugs e.g ... AIN) • Drugs (e.g ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
Surgical devices, e.g ... Sepsis (→ 3-14) e.g ... malignant syndrome (e.g ... #Differential #Causes ... #Anesthesiology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Osmolality > 300 mmol/kg ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
(Many causes!) ... * (most common cause ... • Infection (e.g ... Brain lesions (e.g ... Syndrome #diagnosis #neurology
Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Subtrochanteric region spans 5 cm distally from the
most common in young ... fractures in elderly Causes ... to the femur ( e.g ... vehicle accident in young ... #differential #causes
Case – 26M with no medical history presents with chest pain and palpitations. He states that
Case – 26M with ... second most common cause ... cardiac death in young ... Clinical #Cardiology #ECG ... #EKG #ARVD #Arrhythmogenic
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Deep coma (any cause ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... Hyperreflexia #Testing #Causes ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
Guidelines for Crises ... trolley and 12-lead ECG ... CM5 continuous ECG ... Obtain a 12-lead ECG ... Ischemia #Ischaemia #Anesthesiology
Hypotension - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Hypotension is commonly due to unnecessarily deep anaesthesia, the autonomic
and positioning (e.g ... potential surgical causes ... team. ❼ Consider causes ... (eg steroid dependency ... #Differential #Anesthesiology