17 results
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
but important causes ... factors: - Serology ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... special stains (e.g ... Endocarditis #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Insufficient Sleep
 • Poor Sleep Hygiene
 • Insomnia
Shift Work) Sleep ... Disorders • Neurologic ... Disorders (Eg. ... • Medications (Eg ... • Drug Abuse (Eg
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
in Wonderland Syndrome ... • Infection (e.g ... Brain lesions (e.g ... #diagnosis #neurology ... #differential
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... vasoconstriction (e.g ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... AIN) • Drugs (e.g ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
polyneuropathy (e.g ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
Surgical devices, e.g ... Sepsis (→ 3-14) e.g ... (e.g. haloperidol ... Phaeochromocytoma Neurologic ... #Hyperthermia #Differential
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
risk factors (eg ... hypertension (eg ... hypertension (eg ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... #causes #Differential
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... skull neoplasms (e.g ... consistent with MS ... #neurology #noninflammatory ... #differential #
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... Radiographic findings (eg ... Laboratory findings (eg ... VEP’s: EEG of visual ... diagnosis #management #neurology