63 results
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
40 ml/min A - Anemia ... focal lesions on MRI ... plasmacytoma, POEMs syndrome ... MGUS #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... • Liver Disease ... #Hematology
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Dyspnea - Differential ... failure - CAD/ACS ... Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology ... : - Anemia
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
chronic kidney disease ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... morphologic #mcv #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
Platelet Disorders - Differential ... PT, aPTT(liver disease ... changes), high MCV anemia ... not required in all ... #Workup #hematology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Purpura - Differential ... - Hemolytic anemia ... Kasabach-Merritt syndrome ... Gardner-Diamond syndrome ... Vasculopathy #Purpura #Differential
Nail Disorders secondary to Systemic Diseases
Nail Fold Abnormality
 • SLE
 • Scleroderma
 • Dermatomyositis
Koilonychia - Spoon-shaped
Iron deficiency anemia ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Systemic #Secondary #dermatology ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... ) - HELLP syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural ... Effusion - Differential ... Gastrointestinal disease ... • Asbestos • Uremia ... #causes
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis and Causes
Clinical: Dyspnea, Exercise Intolerance, ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms" (ascites, hepatomegaly, ↑↑peripheral edema)
Physical
Diagnosis and Causes ... Clinical: Dyspnea ... : Amyloidosis (AL ... Hyper-eosinophilc Syndrome ... #differential #