14 results
Lactic Acidosis - Classification and Differential Diagnosis
Type A Lactic Acidosis: Inadequate Oxygen Delivery
 • Anaerobic muscular
Lactic Acidosis ... Classification and Differential ... hypoperfusion: Cardiac arrest ... Pancreatitis, Renal ... #Differential #
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... (HAGMA) - Differential ... metabolism D-lactate ... toxicity causes lactic ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Lactic Acidosis ... Hypotension & Hypovolemia ... Anemia, Cardiac Arrest ... Beta-Agonists, ↑ work ... #Acidosis #Differential
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
NOT lactic acid ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... filtration - Renal ... blood flow and renal ... NS #comparison #pharmacology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
: • Lactic acidosis ... Renal acidosis ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Acidosis - Differential ... perfusion - Cardiac arrest ... - Shock - Hypovolemia ... and can act as ... #Lactic #Acidosis
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
- Differential ... Transcellular Shift: • Lactic ... acidosis, DKA ... CKD Increased Renal ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... ) D D-lactate ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #differential # ... potassium #high #nephrology