12 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Hypertensive: • High Al ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
The head impulse test (HIT) result is positive (abnormal) in nearly all patients with a peripheral
abnormal) in nearly all ... with a central cause ... #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam ... #Neurology #AVS ... VestibularSyndrome #Posterior #CVA
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Potassium-sparing ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Kidney loss of Cl ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... sedation, narcotics, CVA ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... Base #Gas #VBG #differential
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Reversible course Differential ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Tromner Sign on Physical Exam

The Trömner sign is commonly used as a clinical neurological examination for
or index finger causes ... flexion of all ... thumb; seen in pyramidal ... clinical #Video #Neurology ... #physicalexam
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
only if no clear cause ... Calcium 2-3g IV Ca-gluconate ... or 1g CaCl- (central ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K