12 results
diagnosis hypokalemia alkalosis management pharmacology aniongap comparison diuresis diuretics effects gitelman hyperkalemia intercellularshift kidney lactated lr medications nongap normal ns
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Extra-renal Losses ... Metabolic acidosis ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... UNa > 20: • Renal ... Bicarbonaturia with renal ... or chronic renal ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... hyperkalemia (with renal ... #Acidosis #differential ... #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... diuretics after renal ... generally indicates a renal ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... acidosis: Proximal ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology ... #low
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... filtration - Renal ... stretch - decreased renal ... renal tissue perfusion ... Instability: - Renal
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes ... Phosphate: Distal Renal ... type 1-4, Lowe ... Syndrome (Oculo-Cerebro-Renal ... #nephrology #differential
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
HYPOTENSION → renal ... vasoconstriction → decreased renal ... perfusion → renal ... Cast formation: Renal ... #treatment #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... • Hypokalemia (renal ... , Renal tubular ... acidosis (RTA)) ... #diagnosis #nephrology
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