11 results
diagnosis differential management treatment acute aki algorithm blood hematuria infections urology aids bells dangerous deadly encephalitis fatal headache hiv hyperkalemia
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria: Red/Dark urine ... 1ml blood/liter urine ... hematuria • Signs ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #urology #nephrology
Bell's Palsy - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook Acute Idiopathic Unilateral Facial Nerve (CN7) Palsy Presentation:
ophthalmoplegia), systemic signs ... No additional workup ... sarcoid or other CNS ... inflammatory cause ... Management #Treatment #Neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections: •
present in 15% of cases ... Fever, headache, altered ... status, and focal neurologic ... Demyelinating disease caused ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache: - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
13 Dangerous Causes ... at home or at work ... thrombophilia, neurologic ... signs/symptoms ... encephalopathy: altered
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia is usually caused ... vast majority of cases ... 3 questions to work ... Measure urine osmolality ... Treatment #management #nephrology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework Viral Encephalitis: MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Acute meningeal signs ... rigidity) • Altered ... established by CSF or urine ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
: • 1400 new cases ... • 75-90% of cases ... that results in CNS ... Abnormal in 50% of cases ... diagnosis #management #neurology
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