344 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Defects Fanconi Syndrome ... tubule Bartter Syndrome ... Henle Gitelman Syndrome ... : Distal convoluted ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
acidosis: Proximal and ... distal RTA, Ureterosigmoidoscopy ... HTN Absent: Loop and ... , Gitelman syndrom ... potassium #low #nephrology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
the brain, eye, and ... ear Visual or ... several common and ... early diagnosis and ... #neurology #inflammatory
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome:
 - Acute poststreptococcal 
glomerulonephritis 
 - Rapidly progressive
Diseases - Nephritic and ... Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome ... Classification #Nephrology ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... cotransporter (NCC) in the distal ... Nacl delivery to distal ... → - ↑ K+ and ... Pathophysiology #nephrology
Incomplete Spinal Cord Syndromes
Anterior Cord Syndrome:
 • Bilateral loss of motor, pain and temperature sensation below
Incomplete Spinal Cord Syndromes ... Anterior Cord Syndrome ... Central Cord Syndrome ... Brown-Séquard Syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Neurology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
limb Gitelman syndrome ... cotransporter in distal ... Increased open time and ... mineralocorticoid receptor Distal ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... has hematuria and ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndrome ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Nephron Physiology and Transporters
 • Proximal Tubule
 • Thick Ascending Limb
 • Distal Convoluted Tubule
 •
Nephron Physiology and ... Ascending Limb • Distal ... #Transporters #nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Diseases - Nephritic and ... Nephrotic Syndromes ... Hypertension. t BUN and ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndromes ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology