2585 results
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Systolic Murmurs - Differential ... Regurgitation - Leaflet/Annulus ... Marfan's Disease Mitral ... Right Ventricle/Annulus ... Murmurs #Cardiology #Differential
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Secondary Causes of Mitral ... organic) chronic mitral ... annulus: Rheumatic ... annulus valve: ... Regurgitation #differential
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
prolapse beyond the annular ... - Mitral annular ... malcoaptation and annulus ... MV annulus may be ... Primary #Functional #Differential
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... chordae Severe mitral ... annular calcification ... radiation #mitral ... Causes #diagnosis #differential
Cardiac Masses - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Myxoma
 • Papillary Fibroelastoma
 • Rhabdomyoma
 • Fibroma
 •
Cardiac Masses - Differential ... - Tumefactive mitral ... annular calcifications ... Cardiac #Masses #Differential
3T Cardiac MRI of Barlow's mitral valve disease demonstrating classic prolapse (thickened leaflets >5 mm), mitral
MRI of Barlow's mitral ... leaflets >5 mm), mitral ... annular dysjunction ... expansion of the mitral ... annulus, systolic
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy vs Constrictive Pericarditis
 - Mitral inflow
 - Tricuspid inflow
 - Hepatic vein flow
 -
Pericarditis - Mitral ... vein flow - Mitral ... annulus velocity
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... : heart block, annular
Mitral valve prolapse and mitral annulus dysjunction on Echocardiogram
(important for arrhythmic risk stratification)

Ivan Stankovic, MD, PhD
Mitral valve prolapse ... and mitral annulus ... MitralValve #prolapse #annulus
Graphic representation of transthoracic echocardiographic parameters in the assessment of right ventricular pressure overload. A′ = peak late
velocity of tricuspid annulus ... velocity of tricuspid annulus ... velocity of tricuspid annulus ... TAPSE = tricuspid annular ... Decreased tricuspid annular