45 results
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
C deficiency, anticoagulation ... Reduced libido • Signs ... Serum DHEAS Diagnosis ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
: Commonly no signs ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... #endocrinology ... #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
Primary Hyperthyroidism ... pituitary can also ... Signs/Symptoms: ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
T lymphocytes also ... GravesDisease #pathophysiology ... #endocin #endocrinology ... #symptoms #signs ... #diagnosis
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... reflexes) • Urinary ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... failure PBC Signs ... and Symptoms:
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
• Other rare causes ... Overproduction #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
compromise Clinical Signs ... /Symptoms: • Usually ... be present or signs ... Pathophysiology: ... is needed for diagnosis
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
• Myopathy (Also ... caused by hydroxychloroquine ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... - The classic signs ... #differential #diagnosis