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Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
• Prolonged PT ... Fibrinogen: ↓ • PT ... /INR: ↑ • PTT: ... INR < 2.3 - APTT ... #treatment #management
Causes of Abnormal PT and/or aPTT
Prolonged Prothrombin Time (PT)
1. Acquired deficiency of FVII
Causes of Abnormal PT ... Prothrombin Time (PT ... (DIC) c. ... #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential #hematology
ISTH Scoring System for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Platelet count:
 • Expected: Low (or normal)
 • Elevation
platelet aggregation PT ... , aPTT: • Expected ... using INR use PT ... ISTH #Scoring #diagnosis ... #hematology #laboratory
Differential Diagnosis for a Prolonged PT and aPTT
If the PT and the aPTT are both prolonged,
for a Prolonged PT ... and aPTT If the ... PT and the aPTT ... #Abnormal #PT ... #aPTT #Prolonged
Bleeding and Bruising - Disorders of Hemostasis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

== Quantitative or Qualitative defect in
== NORMAL PT ... /ABNORMAL PTT: ... Perform a PTT mixing ... PTT suggests liver ... #Hematology
Hemophilia - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis:
 • Consistent bleeding history (unless screening for disease in family members
established disease) • aPTT ... mixing study (aPTT ... mild cases) • PT ... #Management #treatment ... #hematology
Postpartum Hemorrhage - Differential Diagnosis and Management 
Uterine Atony (80%) - Most PPH Will respond to
• Oxytocin 40 IU ... epinephrine prn DIC ... CBC, fibrinogen, PT ... /PTT • Treat with ... unresponsive to usual treatment
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
Hypofibrinogenemia • ↑ PT ... ↑ PTT • ↑ Fibrin ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids ... Activation #Syndrome #Diagnosis ... #Management #Hematology