33 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
• Interstitial lung ... Arterial Hypertension ... Defect ** • Atrial ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Neuromascular Weakness • Pleural
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... Diseases of the lung ... Pleura and diaphragm ... Patients with liver ... Alveolar-arterial
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
• At least 3 different P wave morphologies: 
• Rate 100-180
• Irregular 
Etiology
Multifocal Atrial ... Secondary to chronic lung ... disease (COPD) • Hypoxia ... #Multifocal #Atrial ... #Diagnosis #ECG
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Ultrasound Findings ... A-lines (parietal pleura ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #signs #Lung #POCUS
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Room Air + Sea Level ... , Interstitial Lung ... Gradient #alveolar #arterial ... #pulmonary #Hypoxia ... #diagnosis
Causes of Palpitations
 • ARRHYTHMiA 
 • SINUS ARRYTHMIA 
 • ATRIAL FIBRILLATION 
 • ATRIAL
ARRYTHMIA • ATRIAL ... FIBRILLATION • ATRIAL ... PARKINSON WHITE SYNDROME ... TACHYCARDIA • ATRIAL ... DISEASE • HYPOXIA
Appearance of Liver Lesions on Various Imaging Modalities
 • Computed Tomography (CT) - Arterial Phase, Portal
Tomography (CT) - Arterial ... portal venous, T1 arterial ... - Early arterial ... Grayscale phase, Late arterial ... #diagnosis #comparison
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
- Differential Diagnosis ... 760 mm Hg at sea level ... hepatopulmonary syndrome ... shunting (eg, atrial ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... Summary A defect in arterial ... absence of intrinsic lung ... cycles after right atrial ... passage • Arterial
COVID-19 Findings on Lung ultrasound
 - Thickened pleural line
 - B lines (multifocal, discrete, or confluent)
ultrasound - ... alveolar interstitial syndrome ... patients with pulmonary ... #ultrasound #POCUS ... #Diagnosis #Signs