22 results
Causes of Diastolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Early Diastolic:
 • Aortic Regurgitation
 • Pulmonary Regurgitation (Graham-Steell
Flint Murmur) • Atrial ... Myxoma Prolapse ... Diastolic: • Mitral ... StenosisMyxoma ... Diastolic #Murmurs #Cardiology
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
Mitral Stenosis ... and Left Atrial ... of underlying cardiac ... #Stenosis #Atrial ... #pocus
Severe Mitral Stenosis- The physical examination revealed a right parasternal heave, a loud S1, a midpeaking
atrium, LV left ... The left atrium ... with an indexed atrial ... atrial pressure ... stenosis #cardio
Abnormal Jugular Venous Pressure Waveforms - Differential Diagnosis
 - Absent a wave - Atrial fibrillation, sinus
Absent a wave - Atrial ... Flutter waves - Atrial ... , right atrial myxoma ... , right atrial myxoma ... , severe right heart
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
Thrombosis vs Arterial ... Fat Emboli ARTERIAL ... THROMBOSIS Arterial ... - Left ventricular ... septic emboli) - Myxoma
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... heart disease ... vegetations)/tumor (left ... atrial myxoma)/ ... #differential #cardiology
Pulse Abnormalities - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unequal/DeIayed:
 • Obstructive arterial disease (ie. Atherosclerosis)
 • Aortic dissection
 •
• Obstructive arterial ... alternate beats: • Left ... heart failure ... inspiratory drop in arterial ... pressure >10mmHg: • Cardiac
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Atrial Fibrillation ... Cardiac: • Valvular ... atrial thrombus ... test for DM Atrial ... • Left atrial occlusion
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Cardiac Causes ... - Rule out Left-Sided ... • Pulmonary Stenosis ... Primary Pulmonary Arterial ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Fibroelastoma), Mass (Myxoma ... Paradoxical: Right to Left ... Venous System/Right Heart ... venous origin of CE material ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial