27 results
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
• Nephrotic Syndrome ... thrombus - atrial ... fibrillation - Left ... coagulation and other causes ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... • Pulmonary Arterial ... Hypertension Intracardiac ... Defect ** • Atrial ... Hypoventilation Syndrome
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Paradoxical: Right to Left ... - Most Common Cause ... venous origin of CE material ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... • Definite: (>2
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Stroke Volume / Arterial ... of developing atrial ... mmHg developed atrial ... PP and systolic hypertension ... Acute Coronary Syndrome
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Pulmonary arterial ... Idiopathic pulmonary arterial ... receptor type 2) ... due to left heart ... #Differential #Causes
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 

Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e.  increased
Dissociation Curve Left ... temperature - 2 ... anæmia • arterial ... Dissociation #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #Causes
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... Diffuse and focal arterial ... tortuosity Stage 2: ... thickening at the arteriole ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology
Approach to the Hypotensive Patient - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Hypotension

Blood Pressure = Heart Rate x
Framework for Hypotension ... • Sick sinus syndrome ... tachycardia • Atrial ... Contractility: • Left ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Algorithm Cardiac Causes ... - Rule out Left-Sided ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... Primary Pulmonary Arterial ... Hypertension
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
Presence of pulmonary arterial ... other obvious causes ... lung disease, left ... ventricular size, Right atrial ... ventricular septum 2)