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Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
Algorithmic Approach ... Framework by MCV Microcytic ... Infections Macrocytic ... Megaloblastic: Folate ... deficiency, B12
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
Algorithm for the ... evaluation of macrocytic ... the most likely cause ... recovery also causes ... #Macrocytosis #Macrocytic
Anemia Diagnostic Algorithm

Mean corpuscular (cell) volume (MCV): Average RBC size. Under 80 = microcytic. Between 80-95
Under 80 = microcytic ... 95 (or 100) is macrocytic ... 14.5% suggests wide ... Workup #Hematology #Microcytic ... #Macrocytic
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic ... MCV - >96fL - "Macrocytic ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin ... B12 deficiency, ... Folate deficiency
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... • Drugs Oval Macrocytes ... Increased Requirement (e.g ... Liver Disease #Macrocytic ... #Causes #Hematology
Micronutrient Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass
Fat-Soluble Vitamins:
 • Vitamin A - Night/complete blindness, xeropthalmia (pathologic dryness of
• Thiamine - Nausea ... cardiomyopathy) • Folate ... - Macrocytic anemia ... • Vitamin B12 ... - Macrocytic anemia
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
RBC) Morphology Microcytic ... (sometimes) Macrocytic ... RBC: Vitamin B12 ... or Folate deficiency ... Chemotherapy (e.g
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin ... • Common Causes ... : • Worsening macrocytic ... total body stores Evaluation ... @taleanski #Vitamin