10 results
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... suggest intrinsic renal ... throughout (upper urinary ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Urology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... urine sediment Microscopic ... microscopic and ... Upper and Lower urinary ... #urology #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... osmolarity If cause ... cryoglobulins, hepatitis serology ... , HIV serology, ... #causes
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
clinical findings Primary ... retroperitoneal masses ... Inferior vena cava ... • Primary varicocele ... Signs #Symptoms #Urology
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Causes of Petechial ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Abnormalities in primary ... blood test • Serology ... #Causes #dermatology
Approach to Microscopic Hematuria 

Microscopic hematuria is often incidental but may be associated with urologic malignancy.
associated with urologic ... RBC's, cellular casts ... with cystoscopy & renal ... #diagnosis #management ... #urology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
hyperreactivity • Urologic ... irrigation • Management ... Kidney stones caused ... kidney disease • Primary ... insipidus • Primary
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Immunosuppressive agents, Renal ... the underlying cause ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management ... #neurology
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) - ICU One Pager Summary
Indications (AIEOU):
 • A: Acidosis (usually severe metabolic)
Renal Replacement ... Dialyzer is rigid case ... daily dialysis): ~12 ... #Therapy #RRT #managment ... #nephrology #CRRT
Chagas Disease - American Trypanosomiasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is an infectious
Diagnosis and Management ... infectious disease caused ... symptoms, positive serology ... cruzi Treatment - Primary ... Trypanosomiasis #Diagnosis #Management