42 results
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... • Dietary Deficiency ... • Small Bowel Disorder ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... #Hematology
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... - Coagulation disorder ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #signs
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
B12/Folate ... Deficiency • Aplastic ... • RBC Membrane Disorder ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Causes of Thrombocytopenia ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Megakaryopoiesis • B12 ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... #Hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... deficiency • ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
malignancies • Anemia ... specifically: iron deficiency ... Chronic inflammatory disorders ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... #hematology #secondary
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
- Hemolytic anemia ... Kasabach-Merritt syndrome ... necrosis) • VIT K deficiency ... Gardner-Diamond syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... G6PD deficiency) ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
Clinical Syndrome ... : • Common Clinical ... Abnormalities: macrocytic anemia ... polyarteritis nodosa (12% ... • giant cell arteritis
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Clinical Presentation ... and petechiae Causes ... , GATA2 deficiency ... , CTLA4 deficiency ... #oncology #hematology