11 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... - Coagulation disorder ... • Thiamine B1 ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... neurological lesion: Clinical ... of injury • Gait ... Cord Causes: 1 ... myelopathy - Vit B12
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
) Deficiency Etiology ... • Common Causes ... dysfunction, and/or disorders ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... parasthesias, gait
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... Causes of spinal ... HIV) - Vitamin B12 ... , Copper deficiency ... Lower motor neuron symptoms
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Transverse Myelitis - Clinical ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... • Infectious causes ... • Nutritional Deficiency ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
• Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... mineralization Symptoms ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... ) - Waddling gait
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
of lactate as a clinical ... malignancy, or thiamine deficiency ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... Nonhypoxic • Type B1 ... effect - Thiamine deficiency
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
• Depressive symptoms ... : The clinical ... dysfunction like gait ... #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Infection in HIV / AIDS ... should be based on clinical ... Suspect in movement disorders ... Demyelinating disease caused ... , limb ataxia, gait
Evaluation of Recurrent Falls

Core Concept:
Maintaining an upright posture requires the integrated function of multiple systems.
Disruption in
embolism - Severe anemia ... presyncope, exertional symptoms ... e.g., diabetic, B12 ... deficiency) ... - Spinal cord disorders