12 results
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin
Decreased Intake
Pancreas: Insufficiency
Intestine: SIBO, Celiac disease, IBD, Lymphoma, Amyloidosis, Resection,
B12 Deficiency ... Celiac disease, IBD ... Stomach: Pernicious anemia ... #Deficiency #Cobalamin ... #differential #
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin ... • Common Causes ... diarrhea related to IBD ... parasthesias, gait ... #Cobalamin #Deficiency
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... B12 Levels Low ... vitamin B12 intake ... #low #cobalamin ... #differential #
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
fatigue despite clinical ... Crohn's > UC Anemia ... Receptor (sTfR) to differentiate ... restricted diet/deficiency ... /other causes
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
Encephalopathy, Cobalamin ... Deficiency Selective ... Brain #Disorders #Clinical ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Neurology
Generalized Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework
"l feel weak":
 • Infectious: Influenza, EBV, PNA, Bacteremia, Sepsis
 •
valves, COPD, ILD ... , OSA, pHTN, Anemia ... Rhabdomyolysis, Critical ... #Diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
• Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... ) - Waddling gait ... Phosphatase: • Other causes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... malignancy, or thiamine deficiency ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... effect - Thiamine deficiency ... Acidosis #Elevation #Differential
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... HIV) - Vitamin B12 ... , Copper deficiency ... syndromes #lesions #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
neurological lesion: Clinical ... of injury • Gait ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... myelopathy - Vit B12 ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology