29 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Deficiency States ... • Thiamine B1 ... B12 - Anaemia, ... #Deficiency #differential
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin
Decreased Intake
Pancreas: Insufficiency
Intestine: SIBO, Celiac disease, IBD, Lymphoma, Amyloidosis, Resection,
Causes of Vitamin ... B12 Deficiency ... Stomach: Pernicious anemia ... #B12 #Deficiency ... #Cobalamin #differential
Anemia - Underproduction Diagnostic Algorithm
 - Iron deficiency anemia
 - Anemia of chronic inflammation
 - Anemia
kidney disease - Vitamin ... B12 and/or folate ... deficiency - ... hematology #diagnosis #differential ... #workup
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
the most likely cause ... recovery also causes ... of the initial work-up ... B12 deficiency ... deficiency.
Micronutrient Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass
Fat-Soluble Vitamins:
 • Vitamin A - Night/complete blindness, xeropthalmia (pathologic dryness of
• Thiamine - Nausea ... oculomotor dysfunction, gait ... • Vitamin B12 ... - Macrocytic anemia ... nutrition #table #differential
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
B1) deficiency, ... ataxia (broad-based gait ... and retrograde amnesia ... #vitaminB1 #B1 # ... diagnosis #comparison #neurology
The Inhibited Pathway caused by N2O, leading to a decrease in the active form of Vitamin
- Vitamin B12 ... of the spinal cord ... B12 deficiency. ... The classic clinical ... of pernicious anemia
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Macrocytic RBC: Vitamin ... B12 or Folate deficiency ... Cell Agglutinate: Cold ... , Paroxysmal cold ... RBC #Morphology #differential
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Megaloblastic: Vitamin ... B12 deficiency, ... Folate deficiency ... morphologic #mcv #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... B12 Levels Low ... vitamin B12 intake ... Autoimmune - Pernicious anaemia ... low #cobalamin #differential