18 results
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
(B1) Deficiency ... Clinical Diagnosis ... dysfunction and gait ... #B1 #Deficiency ... diagnosis #criteria #neurology
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
(vitamin B1) deficiency ... ataxia (broad-based gait ... and retrograde amnesia ... thiamine #deficiency ... diagnosis #comparison #neurology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
(Thiamine) Deficiency ... dysfunction (e.g. gait ... - Intravenous thiamine ... #Thiamine #Deficiency ... Diagnosis #Management #neurology
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis - Gap and Non-Gap - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Elevated Anion Gap
Causes of Metabolic ... Acidosis - Gap ... Elevated Anion Gap > 12 ... (Gain of H+) ... AnionGap #NonGap #Nephrology
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
Korsakoff Syndrome Clinical ... • Anterograde amnesia ... presentation of Thiamine ... deficiency, consequent ... Korsakoff #Syndrome #neurology
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis with Elevated Anion Gap - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated Anion Gap > 12
Causes of Metabolic ... Acidosis with Elevated ... Elevated Anion Gap > 12 ... (Gain of H+) - ... MetabolicAcidosis #AnionGap #Nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
malignancy, or thiamine ... deficiency are ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... Warburg effect - Thiamine ... deficiency -
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
) Deficiency Etiology ... • Common Causes ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... parasthesias, gait ... #Cobalamin #Deficiency
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... major sweating • Thiazide ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
HCO3)} Normal = 12 ... Delta: Delta = (AG-12 ... Renal failure (uremia ... Acetazolamide Causes ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology